Free Education free essay sample

Fill out the following outline Free post-secondary education THESIS STATEMENT with MAP full sentence(s) (1 or 2): Post-secondary education should be free. It is important for the student to have equal opportunities that are not dictated by wealth. It is also beneficial for the college as it allows more applicants for expansion and offers gifted students who would not normally afford education. We will write a custom essay sample on Free Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Expanding the public sector. TOPIC SENTENCE 1 full sentence: Post secondary education should be free BODY PARAGRAPH 1- point form: Primary Support 1: Potential students can reach their full ability regardless of wealth. Secondary Support: Contribute to society and economy more effectively Primary Support 2: Can end up in a cycle of debt Secondary Support: By the time they get a high earning job their interest will have built up and it’s at a time when they will be aiming to make larger purchase e. g. house or a car. Primary Support 3: Fewer worries Secondary Support: More studies and better grades Concluding Statement 1 full sentence OR point form: With the free education students can reach their full ability, be debt free and do their studies better TOPIC SENTENCE 2 full sentence: It is beneficial for the higher education to be free as it allows more applicants for expansion and offers gifted students who would not normally afford education. BODY PARAGRAPH 2 point form: Primary Support 1: The college/universities can expand Secondary Support: by having free post-secondary school more people will apply. Primary Support 2: Secondary Support Primary Support 3 Secondary Support Concluding Statement 2 full sentence OR point form: TOPIC SENTENCE 3 full sentence: BODY PARAGRAPH 3- point form: Primary Support 1: Increases your chances to get a job Secondary Support: Workers prefer educated people Primary Support 2: It is proven that by 2011 most jobs will require a post secondary education Secondary Support: People will have no opportunities to seek higher income jobs. Primary Support 3: expanding job sector Secondary Support: Decrease the job lay-offs and job something lol

Proposal for Board of Director essays

Proposal for Board of Director essays Are company has done well for the short time that we have been here, but it is now time to take the next step forward. We need to ask your self how can we make your work productivity quicker and more efficient. With this, I looked at the internal properties in our company and found that we cannot move ahead without an upgrade of our computer systems. One example of why we need this is that last year when we were out bided for the lucrative State Government contracts. Our board of directors wanted to know why? Because our competitors internal systems (Computers) out performed ours two to one. I have researched and figured cost of which way we need to go. Let me just say to make more money we need to spend more money with in the company. We have seventy-five employees, which is divided into two work groups. One, which focuses on statistical software and the other which, focuses on financial services. With these two group you have to have a computer that is able to store a lot of information, process this information, and be able to output with power and speed. I have looked at just buying certain parts and getting a in house person to put it together. This seemed like it would cost less because we would by in bulk. The problem with this is that it would cost us almost fifteen thousand in shipping alone. For the in-house labor of making these 75 computers is going to be about twelve thousand dollars. This does not include warranty and installation into the office. Another problem is the period to when we could have it up and running. It would take one month for all parts to come in then another three to four month before installation is completed. Then installation in the office and group session so every person can learn how to use the new system. We are looking at almost a half year before this is even going to get to the office, and another two weeks for installation. ...

Human Resource Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Resource - Essay Example Social needs are the next level of need in the hierarchy. After the satisfaction of the physiological needs and the safety needs the next need is the need for meaningful relationships and to be accepted in the society. An organization’s internal work environment decides the importance of this need. When an organization has a participatory leadership style, the workers start to feel part of the organization and this helps to increase their motivation by satisfying their social needs. An organization can be used this need to increase the motivation of its workers. The management can form teams/ clubs within the organization to recognize good performers. Achievements on the job can be rewarded to increase the commitment of the employees towards their jobs. Esteem needs which follow the social needs are concerned with self-respect, feeling of personal worth, feeling of being unique and recognizable. This need can be used positively by recognition and appreciation of the workers. T he ultimate need in the hierarchy is the self-actualization needs which helps to achieve one’s full potential. This is related to the development of intrinsic capabilities which lead people to seek situations that can utilize their potential. These set of needs can be satisfied by creating opportunities for the workers who can steer ahead themselves. The levels of hierarchy in an organization should be minimized and the personnel can be empowered to plan and execute their tasks which can motivate them to achieve their full potential.

Feminism Blog Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Feminism Blog Analysis - Essay Example The main similarity between the two sites chosen for analysis is the responsibility they take on themselves in regard to what they are writing about. In particular, the content of the blogs suggests that both sites consider treating everyone with equal respect important; also, protecting women and standing up against sexism is in the focus. In a narrower sense, the two sites both agree that women’s reproductive rights should not be restricted. They argue that women should have the ability to choose whether, how, and when they have or not have children. The sites also highlight the idea that women’s reproductive rights are affected at different levels, such as economy, medicine, education, criminal justice, government, community, and others. The use of social media has played a significant role in the modern feminist movement as well as in how it is perceived in the society. In fact, social media gives young women an opportunity to use their voices in a larger audience. Social media makes feminist activism more democratic, which means that anyone can participate in it. It removes geographical barriers and, thus, makes it possible for millions to unite as it facilitates public dialogues independent of the participants’ location. One of the examples of the co-called networked feminism is the wide use of hashtags that gives the possibility to groups messages on the issue and, consequently, to make it easier to get the information and check the messages which include it.

The Secret of Samsung's Success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Secret of Samsung's Success - Essay Example Samsung claims to have the largest share in the global smart phone market, which is because of the Galaxy smart phones by Samsung. In 2012 it was awarded as a world’s ninth best brand (Tek, n.p). Samsung now stands among the top tier global corporations, possesses good ranking in the superior management, and provides innovation in design along with improving its sales and earnings (Lee, 9). In 2012, the company’s sales were about $ 42 billion and it made a 50% profit in the same year making Samsung the best electronic company amongst its potential competitors Apple and Sony. This paper puts across the secrets of the success of Samsung Company over the years. Samsung’s goal is to establish every inch of customers starting from their homes, new phones, tablets, televisions, washing machines, cameras, dryers, refrigerators, computers among others unlike Apple that focuses on laser electronics. Samsung does a variety and it does it very well. In 2011, Samsung was the world’s top television maker with a market share of 22%. It also had grown in washing machines from 7% to 9% in 2009 and 2011 respectively. The company introduces a variety of products that best serve the customers. Samsung Corporation has successfully blended speediness, imagination and affordability in their offerings to capture the consumers’ attention. It has invested huge sums on extensive research and development to gain and maintain competitive market, Samsung spent around US$ 2.3 billion on research and development (Roll, 154) while its competitors Apple used only 2.4 percent of its revenues on innovation (Roll 154). Focusing on research and development of a variety of products such as refrigerators, tablets, televisions, cameras, new phones, washing machines with features that best suit public demand is the secret behind the success of Samsung. The secret of Samsung’s success is attributed to quality investment and manufacturing. Samsung introduced Sam sung galaxy, Smart TV, Smart Phones each with a new feature. The Smart Phones had quality Cameras, enabled the user to access information faster and used a variety of font sizes as preferred by the user. The problem of their competitor Apple has been lack of constant innovation. It has been around 3 years since Apple released the iPod, the company’s last breakthrough product. Its latest products have been iterations of existing gadgets. The iPad Mini is just a smaller iPad and not something new. Samsung’s success is therefore because of its constant innovations of new products such as galaxy S II. Samsung poses great motivation to its employees that make them work even harder for the achievement of the company’s success. It manages the working hours of its employees to ensure no worker is overworked. Their system tallies overtime hours daily by individuals and communicates to the human resource managers. Samsung SDI recommends employees to take leaves available for them. The leave- use record is controlled at the individual level by the system and the employees are only allowed to take their leaves as indicated in the system. To domestic employees, the company provides pension scheme, health insurance, industrial accident insurance, employment insurance, mortgaging support, medical expense support, personal scheme assistance, fitness facilities and recreation facilities

OpenMP Based Fast Data Searching with Multithreading

OpenMP Based Fast Data Searching with Multithreading V.Karthikeyan, Dr. S.Ravi  and S.Flora Magdalene Abstract The multiprocessor cores with multithreaded capability are continuing to gain a significant share and offer high performance. The use of OpenMP applications on two parallel architectures can identify architectural bottlenecks and introduces high level of resource sharing in multithreading performance complications. An adaptive run-time mechanism provides additional but limited performance improvements on multithreading and is maximized the efficiency of OpenMP multithreading as required by the runtime environment and the programming interface. This paper handles the task of data searching efficiently and a comparative analysis of performance with and without OpenMP is made. Experimental result shows accelerated performance over the existing methods in terms of various performance criteria. Keywords: OpenMP (Open Multi Processing), Multithreading, Fast Data Searching, Multicore Introduction OpenMP is an adopted shared memory parallel programming interface providing high level programming constructs that enable the user to easily expose an application task and loop level parallelism. The range of OpenMP applicability is significantly extended by the addition of explicit tasking features.OpenMP is used for enhanced portability computation, where a dynamic workload distribution method is employed for good load balancing. However, the search network involved in the Viterbi beam search is reported by [5] statically partitioned into independent subtrees to reduce memory synchronization overhead. It improves the performance of a workload predictive thread assignment strategy and a false cache line sharing prevention method is required. OpenMP is a collection of compiler directives and library functions that are used to create parallel programs for shared-memory computers. It combines with C, C++ or Fortranto create a multithreaded program where the threads share the address sp ace and make easier for programmers to convert single-threaded code to multithreaded. It has two key concepts namely; Sequential equivalence: Executes using one thread or many threads. Incremental parallelism: A programming that evolves incrementally from a sequential program to a parallel program. OpenMP has an advantage in synchronization over hand-threading where it uses more expensive system calls than present in OpenMP or the code efficient versions of synchronization primitives. As a shared-memory programming paradigm, OpenMP is suitable for parallelizing applications on simultaneous multithreaded and multicore processors as reported in [11]. It is an API (application program interface) used for explicitly direct multi-threaded, shared memory parallelism to standardize programming extensions for shared memory machines is shown in Figure 1. Figure1:Model for OpenMP Program using threading At high-end, the microprocessors encompass aggressive multithreading and multicore technologies to form powerful computational building blocks for the super computers. The evaluation uses detailed performance measurements and information from hardware performance counters to architectural bottlenecks of multithreading and multicore processors that hinder the scalability of OpenMPin which OpenMP implementations can be improved to better support execution on multithreading processors. The thread scheduling based model with kernel and user space is shown in Figure 2.OpenMP applications can efficiently exploit the execution contexts of multithreading processors. The multi-threading models are; Master-Slave model, Worker-Crew model and Pipeline model Figure 2:Multithreading processors using Kernel and User space OpenMP Issues with Multithreading Approach OpenMP specification includes critical, atomic, flush and barrier directives for synchronization purposes as shown in Table 1. Table 1:OpenMP synchronization specification Effects of OpenMP for Multithreading Process The effects of OpenMP for multithreading process arelisted in Table 2. Table 2:Effects of OpenMP The multithreading is required a solution which is scalable in a number of dimensions and achieve speedups. An efficient parallel program usually limits the number of threads to the number of physical cores that create a large number of concurrent threads. It describes the low-level Linux kernel interface for threads and the programs are invoked by a fork system call which creates a process and followed by an exec system call and loads a program to starts execution. Threads typically end by executing an exit system call, which can kill one or all threads. Related Works Daniel, et al., [2010] presented the compilation of synchronous programs to multi-threaded OpenMP-based C programs and guarded actions which are a comfortable intermediate language for synchronous languages. J. Brandt and K. Schneider [2009] presented separate compilation of synchronous programs. The target deterministic single-threaded code directly executes synchronous programs on simple micro-controllers. K. Schneider [2009] proposed the problem to generate multi-threaded C-code from synchronous guarded actions, which is a comfortable intermediate format for the compilation of synchronous programs. PranavandSumit [2014] proposed the performances (speedup) of parallel algorithms on multi-core system using OpenMP. C.D. Antonopoulos, et al., [2005] proposed multigrain parallel delaunay mesh generation and opportunities for multithreaded architectures. H. Jin, et al., [1999] proposed the OpenMP implementation of NAS parallel benchmarks and its performance. M. Lee, et al., [2004] presented peak performance of SPEC OMPL benchmarks using maximum threads demonstration and compared with a traditional SMP. Zaid, et al., [2014] presented to implemented the bubble sort algorithm using multithreading (OpenMP) and tested on two standard data sets (text file) with different sizeF. Liu and V. Chaudhary [2003] presented a system-on-chip (SOC) design integrates processors into one chip and OpenMP is selected to deal with the heterogeneity of CMP.M. Sato, et al., [1999] proposed the compiler is installed to support OpenMP applications and GCC acts as a backend compiler.T. Wang, et al., [2004] presented the current flat view of OpenMP threads is not able to reflect the new features and need to be revisited to ensure continuing applicability.Cristiano et al., [2008] proposed reproducible simulation of multi-threaded workloads for architecture design exploration.Vijay Sundaresan, et al., [2006] proposed experiences with multi-threading and dynamic class loading in a java just-in-time compiler. Priya, et al., [2014] proposed to compare and analyze the parallel computing ability offered by OpenMP for Intel Cilk Plus and MPI(Message passing Interface). Sanjay and Kusum [2012] presented to analyze the parallel algorithms for computing the solution of dense system of linear equations and to approximately compute the value of OpenMP interface. S.N. TirumalaRao [2010] focuses on performance of memory mapped files on Multi-Core processors and explored the potential of Multi-Core hardware under OpenMP API and POSIX threads. Explicit Multithreading Using Multithreads The Explicit multithreading is more complex compared to OpenMP and dynamic applications need to be implemented effectively so as to allow user control on performance. The explicit multithreading based multithreads with C coding are shown in Figure 3. Figure3: Explicit multithreading based coding in C Scheduling for OpenMP OpenMP supports loop level scheduling that defines how loop iterations are assigned to each participating thread. The scheduling types are listed in Table 3. Table 3:  Scheduling Types Pseudo code: #pragma omp parallel sections { #pragma omp section do_clustering(0); #pragma omp section do_clustering(1); #pragma omp section do_clustering(2); #pragma omp section do_clustering(3); #pragma omp section do_clustering(4); } Optimizing Execution Contexts on Multithreading Process The selection of the optimal number of execution contexts for the execution of each OpenMP application is not trivial on multithread based multiprocessors. Thus, a performance-driven, adaptive mechanism which dynamically activates and deactivates the additional execution contexts on multithreading processors to automatically approximate the execution time of the best static selection of execution contexts per processor. It used a mechanism than the exhaustive search, which avoids modifications to the OpenMP compiler and runtime and identifies whether the use of the second execution context of each processor is beneficial for performance and adapts the number of threads used for the execution of each parallel region. The algorithm targets identification of the best loop scheduling policy which is based on the annotation of the beginning and end of parallel regions with calls to runtime. The calls can be inserted automatically, by a simple preprocessor. The run-time linking techniques such as dynamic interposition can be used to intercept the calls issued to the native OpenMP runtime at the boundaries of parallel regions and apply dynamic adaptation even to un modified application binaries. It modifies the semantics of the OpenMP threads environment variable,using it as a suggestion for the number of processors to be used instead of the number of threads. Results and Discussion The experimental results of data searching with OpenMP tools (multithreading) and without OpenMP (no multithreading) tools are shown in Figure 4and Figure 5 respectively. In both the cases search time for data is evaluated and established OpenMP based implementation which is fast compared to data searching done without OpenMP tools. Figure 4:Search time with OpenMP (Multithreading) Figure5:Search time without OpenMP (No Multithreading) The percentage of improvement in data searching with OpenMP (multithreading) tools is given in Table 4 and its graphical representation shown in Figure 6. Table 4:Improvement with Multithreading Figure6:Improvement in data Searching with OpenMP (in %) The time elapsed to write data in file which is experimented with OpenMP and without OpenMP (search data) shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 respectively. Figure 7:Search datawith OpenMP Figure 8:Search datawithout OpenMP Conclusion Searching a data in large data base has been a profound area for researchers. In this research work OpenMP Tools is used to perform multithreading based search. The motive to use OpenMP is that the user can specify a paralliazation strategy for a program. Here an experiment of data searching using multithreading is conducted for a data base. The experiments are conducted with and without OpenMP and their performance is presented. The results obtained shows that the time required for searching a data using OpenMP is less compared to data searching without OpenMP. The method presented shows improved performance over existing methods in terms of performance and parallaziation can be done in future. The main limitation of the research work is that its practical implementation requires same number of multicore units as that of the number of threads. Future research shall focus on use of parallel threads for high performance systems. References Daniel Baudisch, Jens Brandt and Klaus Schneider, 2010, â€Å"Multithreaded Code from Synchronous Programs: Extracting Independent Threads for OpenMP†, EDAA. J. Brandt and K. Schneider, 2009, â€Å"Separate compilation of synchronous programs†, in Software and Compilers for Embedded Systems (SCOPES), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, Vol. 320, pp. 1–10, Nice, France. K. Schneider, 2009, â€Å"The synchronous programming language Quartz†, Internal Report 375, Department of Computer Science, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany. PranavKulkarni, SumitPathare, 2014, â€Å"Performance Analysis of Parallel Algorithm over Sequential using OpenMP†, IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 58-62. C. D. Antonopoulos, X. Ding, A. Chernikov, F. Blagojevic, D. S. Nikolopoulos and N. Chrisochoides, 2005, â€Å"Multigrain Parallel Delaunay Mesh Generation: Challenges and Opportunities for Multithreaded Architectures†, in Proceeding of the 19thACM International Conference on Supercomputing (ICS’2005), Cambridge, USA. H. Jin, M. Frumkin and J. Yan, 1999, â€Å"The OpenMP Implementation of NAS Parallel Benchmarks and its Performance†, Technical Report NAS-99-011, NASA Ames Research Center. M. Lee, B. Whitney and N. Copty, 2004, â€Å"Performance and Scalability of OpenMP Programs on the Sun FireTM E25K Throughput Computing Server†, WOMPAT 2004, pp. 19-28. ZaidAbdiAlkareemAlyasseri, Kadhim Al-Attar and Mazin Nasser, 2014, â€Å"Parallelize Bubble Sort Algorithm Using OpenMP†, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 103-110. F. Liu and V. Chaudhary, 2003, â€Å"Extending OpenMP for heterogeneous chip multiprocessors Parallel Processing†, Proceedings of International Conference on Parallel Processing, pp. 161-168. M. Sato, S. Satoh, K. Kusano and Y. Tanaka, 1999, â€Å"Design of OpenMP compiler for an SMP cluster†, Proc. of the 1st European Workshop on OpenMP, pp.32-39. T. Wang, F. Blagojevic and D. S. Nikolopoulos, 2004, â€Å"Runtime Support for Integrating Pre-computation and Thread-Level Parallelism on Simultaneous Multithreaded Processors†, the Seventh Workshop on Languages, Compilers, and Run-time Support for Scalable Systems, Houston, TX. Cristiano Pereira, Harish Patil and Brad Calder, 2008, â€Å"Reproducible simulation of multi-threaded workloads for architecture design exploration†, in Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Workload Characterization, pp. 173-182. Vijay Sundaresan, Daryl Maier, PramodRamarao and Mark Stoodley, 2006, â€Å"Experiences with multi-threading and dynamic class loading in a java just-in-time compiler†, in International Symposium on Code Generation and Optimization, pp. 87–97, San Francisco, USA. Priya Mehta, Sarvesh Singh, Deepika Roy and M. Manju Sharma, 2014, â€Å"Comparative Study of Multi-Threading Libraries to Fully Utilize Multi Processor/Multi Core Systems†, International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, Vol. 4, No. 4. Sanjay Kumar Sharma and Kusum Gupta, 2012, â€Å"Performance Analysis of Parallel Algorithms on Multi-core System using OpenMP†, International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, Vol. 2, No. 5. S.N. TirumalaRao, E.V. Prasad, N.B. Venkateswarlu, 2010, â€Å"A Critical Performance Study of Memory Mapping on Multi-Core Processors: An Experiment with k-means Algorithm with Large Data Mining Data Sets†, International Journal of Computer Applications, Vol. 1, No. 9.

Microeconomics Samuelson Essay

Explain how the cool head might provide the essential positive economic analysis to implement the normative value judgments of the warm heart. Do you agree with Marshall’s view of the role of the teacher? Do you accept his challenge? In order to achieve the ultimate goal of economic science which is to â€Å"improve the living conditions of people in their everyday lives† (*) a cool head attitude has the knowledge and wisdom acquired through a lifetime relation to the economic momentum. Balancing this with a warm heart compassion vision, and a willingness to improve society, is the most appropriate way to use certain economic models in order to acquire economic sustainability with social improvement. We agree with Marshall’s view which was conceived through a social corporate responsibility. We, as leaders, accept his challenge through developing projects which should be not only profitable but also socially accepted and with respect to the environment. Also, we should use our cool heads to objectively take challenges and make difficult decisions that will lead us to a prosperous society with a sustainable economic growth. Some scientists believe that we are rapidly depleting our natural resources. Assume that there have only two inputs (labor and natural resources) producing two goods (concerts and gasoline) with no improvements in society’s technology over time. A. Show what would happen to the PPF over time as natural resources are exhausted. B. How would invention and technological improvement modify your answer? On the basis of this example, explain why it is said that â€Å"economic growth is a race between depletion and invention. It is said that economic growth is a race between depletion and invention because the continuous use of the natural resources of a country will tend to deplete them, over a long period of time but in the contrary, the invention of new technologies can extend a country PPF – making a race between them, since both things usually happens at the same time. Chapter 2 1. Question 1 . – What determines the composition of national output? In some cases, w e say that there is â€Å"consumer sovereignty† meaning that consumers decide how to spend their income on the basis of taste and market prices. In other cases, decisions are made by political choices of legislatures. Consider the following examples: transportation, education, police, energy efficiency of appliances, health-care coverage, television advertising. For each, describe whether the allocation is by consumer sovereignty or by political decision. Would you change the method of allocation for any of these goods? National Output includes the total amount of goods and services that a country is capable to produce in a certain period of time. It is also known as the country? A country has the responsibility to decide what outputs to produce and in what quantity, how to produce them and for whom should they be produced. In a market society, the national output is influenced by consumer tastes and the resources and technology available in the country. On the other hand, governments may intervene to compensate for market failures that usually occurs inside a country, or to fund social programs. Here there are some examples that show mixed economies between consumer sovereignty and government interventions. Generally speaking transportation means are controlled by the private sector through companies that provide transportation services such as airlines, company taxis, trains, etc. Inside a country, there also exists public transportation for those people who can not afford the private one. In Peru, specially for the ground transportation, the government plays a fundamental role regulating tariffs, taxes and making sure we have a safe an organized transportation system in the country for the society. Education In a country generally exists public and private education. Usually, private schools tend to have a higher price but also delivering high quality and it is market driven. There are different private schools with different prices in the market. On the other hand, public education is provided by the government to lower socio economic levels in order to make education accessible to the whole population. Government applies procedures in order to maximize its quality. In Peru for example the government is trying to break the poverty cycle incentivizing the rural population to attend school through monetary allowances. There are also regulations in terms of the requirements asked for being a public teacher, the education syllabus of the country, etc. Police Police is a government regulated service to the population which is part of the arm forces of a country. Its function is to assure security to the population. However, in some countries where there is scarce resources allocated to this public entity, private police petrol are created. In Peru even in rural areas where police is not present, communities organize themselves to fight against crime. Energy efficiency of appliances Energy is a strategic scarce resource for a country. Therefore, the importance of having government regulations to control it, its tariffs while having private companies supplying the service in order to assure this service on the long term to the community. Health care coverage Health care is a private and public good also. Government provides health care services to the majority of the population by building public hospitals and providing insurance coverage programs. Usually private health care provides a higher quality service and is accessible to higher socio-economic levels of the population. Television advertising It is a consumer sovereignty good, driven basically by program ratings and market price. Usually, the government owns public television channels but even in those cases the advertising is not controlled. What government usually does is to control advertising of some products such as cigars, or the time and programs where you can advertise such products. Would you change the method of allocation for any of these goods? We would not change the method of allocation for any of the goods mentioned above. We think that in the examples mentioned, a mixed economy of public and private goods is the best to make services accessible to the whole population while having a market driven economy. However, if we customized this question to the Peruvian reality, we think that an example where government could intervene more is the banking regulations entity which should improve the credit policies in order to create a sustainable finance growth. 2. Question 3. – This chapter discusses many â€Å"market failures† areas in which the invisible hand guides the economy poorly, and describes the role of government. It is possible that there are, as well, â€Å"government failures† government attempts to curb market failures that are worse than the original market failures? Think of some examples of government failures. Give some examples in which government failures are so bad that it is better to live with the market failures than to try and correct them. A possible failure can be represented by a tax system that discourages private and foreign investments in the country that at the end will affect government’s income. Another example is a bad monetary policy in which inorganic emission of currency will impact over inflation rate dramatically, affecting purchasing power of nationals (Peru 1985) . During this time Peru suffered more than 7000% inflation generating scarcity of basic goods and creating a parallel black market. During this time, another bad example would be that the banking system was nationalized and generated a lack of confidence in the population towards the banking system, loosing a high percentage of the savings of the population decreasing the country’s investment.

Effects of Industrialization on Artist Essay

The countries of the world have largely embraced the goal of industrialization which explains the reason why there is the label of developing and developed countries. The implications of the 19TH century has put the developed western world as the model of industrialization on the planet (Masten, 2008). The face of industrialization affected a number of fields in the scientific attempt to improve the economies and subsequently, raise the overall standards of living . Art was one of the disciplines that benefited from the effects of industrialization, and it came as a hope for many artists around the world (Locker, 1999). This paper therefore attempts to compare and contrast whether the rise changed the modern world leaving the natural world as the sole object of fascination to artists. Industrialization as a process sought to promote social and economic changes with the human societies transforming from pre industrial to industrial(Davis,2000). It saw the wider apart of modernization leading to overall social changes and economic developments mostly related to technological advancement. More cities were development following the rise modernity, as a result of large scale metallurgy and energy production (Basye and Holt, 2000). Philosophical changes also marked the emergence of industrialization leaving people in the western world with a more yearning to obtain different attitudes towards nature and artistic orientation (Novello, 2000). Accordingly, there is substantial research on the prevailing effects of industrialization on modernization and enterprise development . Artists have got an opportunity of expanding their careers following the expansion of commerce and the prevalence of skills that helps them in the exploitation of the abundant natural resources (Shields, 2006). This somehow happens at a relatively low cost, adaptability of labor and continual supply of their products to a wide range of market (Plaura, 2001). The radical changes in the 19th century involve the production of the electric power: an element that is succinctly fundamental to the continuous growth of economy as well as advancing the skills required for a particular job (Basye and Holt, 2000). In a survey done in some countries in Africa, middle East and Latin America, it was found out that there is relative open trading systems that can stimulate industrial innovation and cost efficiency across the board, leading to the readily available markets and free and flexible labor (Novello, 2000). As a result, positive work ethics mixed with skills, effectively used scientific discoveries and technological in boosting the production and subsequent increase in income levels. It is true that a number of major cities in the western world were widely modernized bringing about the effects of urbanization. To serve this house working populations, urbanization facilitated the concentration of labor (Davis, 2000). Artists therefore found themselves without splendid natural resources for them to exploit because of the population upsurge in cities. Consequently, they resorted to the natural worlds which had hitherto not felt the effects of industrialization for their resources (Masten, 2008). Another impact that followed industrialization was change in family structures and effects on the environment. Environmental stressors such as noise, water pollution, impersonal lifestyles and a myriad of health problems set into play (Locker, 1999). Many artists in the present world continue to grow in terms of their careers simply because, they have been able to advance all their artistic orientations (Shields, 2006). Prior to the 19th century, many paintings in America often dealt with the serene landscapes, idealized craftspeople and a host of other people. However, after the effects of industrialization had taken place, the whole scope of photographs and painting changed. Art was basically the reaction to the social and industrial conditions that prevailed (Masten, 2008). Later on, artists was obliged to create art for two audiences. Generally, artists of this important period in the history of mankind avoided painting many scenes portraying the new outfit of modernization and as such, this did not imply that they failed to create an art about the industry. Moreover, the deep enjoyment of art became the pastime for both the upper and middle class people (Davis, 2000). These were the people who essentially, preferred not to clutch over the hard work that may have been done by the lower class, let alone hanging any artistic socials commentary on their walls. Instead there was mere need for a picturesque that portrayed a neutral political landscape (Plaura, 2001). According to (Basye and Holt, 2000), several literatures enabled artists to access a medium where many of their engravings were published but the controversy that followed saw many middle class people opposing the view of the artists and eventually disapproving their works. Irrespective of the upper and middle class reaction against the artistic package of social commentary, many artists continued experiencing the strong urge for expressing themselves through art (Locker, 2000). They then resorted to the natural world where they found a lot of fascination for their works because of two major reasons. Depending on the specific needs of a particular artist, the natural word provided an avenue for artists to explore a host of untapped resources or aptly, got a ready and uncritical audience for their art (Masten, 2008). This basically strengthened their ambitions leading to affair ground for art. For instance, majority of the artistic collections portrayed the hard work of ordinary rural folks giving hem the urge to continue doing even better in their pursuit for economic survival. With this regard, several portraits were painted. They involved persons sewing a dress or a blacksmith hammering a horseshoe. particulrtly, such portraits depicted a blacksmith as possibly the man in charge of an enterprise. It showed a young man in the back, presumably an apprentice or the blacksmith’s assistant. Both were posed with their tools, with drops of sweat other cheeks seemingly proud of their trade. A factor like this one often encourage the general population because, despite the conditions for working being harsh, the portrait depicts clean, bearable and inviting scenario that give the people enthusiasm and pride altogether (Novello, 2000). In addition, the views of American urban life as well as industrialization were manifested through the channel of photography. Using a succinct comparison of the rural life, city life was pictured using sky crappers mushrooming everywhere (Shields, 2006). In this scenario, a chaotic combination of people and carriages filled the city street eliciting a feeling that city life is eventually becoming more foreboding for life and work hence, underscoring the importance of rich environmental conditions found in the rural life. Overly, the dawn of industrialization saw a marked reduction of human working conditions to unacceptable level. Active artists and photographers aligned to politics used art to comment on the industrial progress to their audience. However, there was stiff competition that forced some artists not to make enough fortune or just find a satisfactory audience for their works. They were therefore attracted to move to the rural world, where they got audience and commercial benefits for their activities. Somehow, they used the modern mechanized age to obtain a source of creativity which is paramount to the work of art. Without a creatively compelling work, their will be audience to stand all sorts of unattractive, and redundancy even if your work has the very best of the message (Plaura, 2001). There is a general history of artist getting more fascinated to the natural world. With the advent of industrialization, many artistic movements sprang up each with a unique reaction to the feeling of the movement it took after and time (Davis, 2000). Neoclassic which had taken lead form the Greek and Roman art, paved way for a more parallel period called romanticism. At this level, many artists became more imaginative with the rise of individualism, emotional intensity, and freedom describing the underlying the perceptual shift from the modern life to getting oriented to the natural world (Masten, 2008). Realism which followed brought about the realist artists who created artistic works that captured objectives and figures as they appear in real life. Artists found the natural world more ideal in portraying truthful visions of everyday life; an idea tat was much welcome to rural folks that the modern ones (Novello, 2006). Many artists felt the need to explore their relationship with nature by traveling through a wilderness. But because urban life had less or no fascinating wilderness, artists resorted for the rural world and found it more fascinating in delivering the exploration objective through a natural world (Plaura, 2001). For example, Mark Catesby, as English artist moved to the rural Northern America and found that it was the most true immersion into the American seaboard and other areas still unexploited and unknown to many Americans. He began photographing and drawing natural and social sceneries that had not suffered any natural disintegration, and hence, his works attracted a large scale audience (Shields, 2006). Another artist and explorer, Karl Bodmer, is a testament to the reason moving to natural world. he says that the most fascinating factor in the so regarded lost world is the boundless enthusiasm that artists get when they venture into worlds unknown to many, because there seem to be abundant opportunity and astonishment in those lands (Locker, 1999). The overall benefit is the reminder these places give in acknowledging that at some point, they had stopped at the crossroad of horrible, natural and sacred phenomena. They somewhat develop a relationship with the earth, facilitated by the nature, culture and their sense of fulfillment (Davis, 2000). Furthermore, the natural world is more attracting to artists because; it provides the ground that satisfy the curiosity and creativity of many artists. At the heart of every artistic symbol lies the expression of meaning. Artists tend to search for lager meaning in small aspects of life (Basye and Holt, 2000). According to the documentations in archives, the significance of artistic history is logged in the fissure between wilderness and civilization and this point out the primary focus of artists on rural worlds. Notwithstanding, rural world represents culture and nature and how it is reconciled with the modernization. Therefore, the imaginative role of art pulls out the existing radiance in capturing double meaning encased in the metaphors. When they finally take their products to urban setups, they somehow manage to prompt the city residents into the world of imagination embedded in the images formed in their minds as a resulted art (Masten, 2008). Moreover, artists use the natural worlds to find sources that subsequently define the unique artistic identities. This is clearly captured in the sentiments of a German poet, Rainer Maria. He believes that as a primary condition for writing a captivating verse, it is imperative that they see a myriad of cities, nature, men and several other things. Accordingly it is perquisite that one should know different flights of birds, animals, not forgetting gestures that flowers make especially when they open and close. The fundamental role of all this condition is to portray the accounts as creative as possible with the unique ability to come up with the work of art that suits in the context of everyday life. The only available source of the adventure is the natural world that is least affected by industrialization (Novello, 2000). Similarly, there is more attraction to the natural world. Artists think that by going there they provide a link between city life and rural life. All the opportunities of industrialization are made open to village folks giving them a chance to keep a breast with what is happening across the world (Plaura, 2001). For example, there was a painting in rural Indiana which showed an angel looking as though he is about to walk away from something he is acutely contemplating. It depicted the angel staring with his mouth wide open and the wings flung spread. This is the way artists presents issues in varying worlds and the serenity found in natural world promotes the efficient delivery of the message (Shields, 2006). The painting reinforces the religious teaching that God watches over us and somehow, strengthens the spirituality; an aspect that is under the threat of industrialization. Conclusion From the foregoing discussion, it is evident that the dawn of industrialization in the 19th century was accompanied by the sharp shift in the economical, social and ideological differences that paved way for new lifestyles. Individualism, which became rife as a result of urbanization, left artist with a host of intellectual orientation in terms of creativity. It is evident that the market for their art products got strained obliging them to get attracted to the rural world that had hitherto not adversely suffered from the effects of industrialization. Bibliography Basye, E and Holt, G 2000. Art and Architecture: The Advent of Industrialization, Yales, Yales University Press. Davis, A. 2000. A Social History of Graphic Art and Works Industry. New York, McGill-Queens Press. Locker, N. 1999. Science and Nature: An International Journal of Science. Vol. 23 Issues 56, London, Macmillan Publishers. Masten, A. 2008. Artwork in the Nineteenth Century. Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania University Press Novello, A. 2000. The Face of Art in the Nineteenth Century. London, Prentice Plaura, N. 2001. Art and Nature: Interelationship, Oxford, Oxford University Press Shields, S. 2006. Artists at the Continents End: The Peninsula Art Colony. Michigan, Routledge

Review data relevant to the distinction between early-selection and late selection in models of attention Essay Example

Review data relevant to the distinction between early Review data relevant to the distinction between early-selection and late selection in models of attention Paper Review data relevant to the distinction between early-selection and late selection in models of attention Paper Attention is the ability to take a hold of the mind and select one from many simultaneous objects or thoughts, discarding some things in order to deal with others more effectively (James,1890, as cited in Norman, 1976) . In every day life there are so many things that can be attended to and so certain aspects have to be selected over others. Some tasks that are carried out require very little attention and others require less the more time that they are practiced. All sensory information that is received requires some cognitive processing however with attention, cognitive processing needs to be continuous in order to keep focus and concentration. Attention is something that could be said to be limited, as cognitive processing cannot occur for all stimuli at the same time. It also is selective as the mental energy required for attention can be expanded as the person sees fit. Attention is an issue that has been debated upon for many years. Early-selection models have looked at selection as a limited process that requires selective attention in order to proceed. The selective attention occurs after a basic analysis of the physical features that are used to tell the difference between selected and non-selected stimuli. As a result of this, the unattended stimulus is not completely perceived. Late selection models however discard this idea and assume that perception is unlimited and that attention can be performed in parallel without a need for selection. Lavie and Tsal, 1994) Both the late selection models and early selection models differ in their concepts of how people attend to things and it was only until a compromise model was put forward by Lavie and colleagues that both models were combined to form the perceptual load framework. The idea of how we attend to more than one thing at a time has always been an issue. Colin Cherry (1953, as cited in Eysenck and Keane, 2001) looked at this idea when at a party he was fas cinated with how people were able to follow just one conversation when there are many other conversations taking place around. He called this idea the cocktail party effect, and put it down to physical differences, like gender, speaker location and voice intensity. Cherry carried out a number experiments on this idea and did this by presenting subjects with two different messages at the same time, one in each ear. Cherry found that when the messages were of the same voice then the listener was unable to distinguish between either of the two different messages. Cherry then carried out studies in which he asked the listeners to shadow one of the two messages heard. He found that the listeners could extract very little information from the non-shadowed message, and barely noticed when the non-shadowed message changed language or was even read backwards. Moray (1959, as cited in Kahneman, 1973) tried to look at how much information a subject could remember in the rejected auditory channel and so repeated an english word 35 times in one of the ears. He found that even though the subjects had heard the word many times, many of them still could not retain what it was. Cherry concluded from his work that unattended information receives hardly any processing, which follows the early selection model ideas that attention is not processed in parallel. Broadbent (1958, as cited in Eysenck and Keane, 2001) developed Cherrys ideas further by conducting an experiment on participants in which he presented them with two sets of numbers in each ear. For example the number 354 was presented in one ear at the same time as the number 692 was presented in the other ear. Broadbent found that participants recalled the numbers ear by ear rather than as a whole number, for example 354692 instead of 365942. Broadbent explained his findings by saying that both the inputs are presented in parallel fashion until they reach a buffer where one input is allowed to pass through and the other remains for later processing. This he explained is to prevent an overload. From his discovery Broadbent went on to construct a model from which he felt best described how attention is processed. This model was called the filter model. The filter model put forward the idea that the ability to analyse and identify information is limited. He argued that when information reaches the brain it filters out desired messages and rejects everything else, therefore blocking undesired inputs and preventing an overload on the perceptual system. (Dittrich, 2004) When information is presented it is analysed based upon its physical characteristics. The information is then simultaneously stored in separate channels in the sensory register and the filter switches between channels passing the information stored there, one channel at a time, to the detection device. If the message coming in doesnt have these characteristics then it is filtered out. Broadbents ideas were the beginning of many years of further research. This begun with a referral back to Cherrys questioning of how people can switch their attention from one input to another when they are unaware of the content within the unselected input. Gray and Wedderburn (1960 as cited in Kahneman, 1973) looked at this and ignored Broadbents idea that attention was the basis of an analysis of physical characteristics. They believed that psychological aspects played an important part and so carried out experiments to try and prove their theory. The experiment involved presenting subjects with words broken down into syllables. Each syllable was presented alternately to each ear. At the same time another word was broken down the same way and was presented to the complimentary ear. Gray and Wedderburn found that words could be constructed and were not repeated as just a mixture of different syllables. This suggested that meaning of information can be constructed from both ears and it is not just physical characteristics like Broadbent had previously said. Continuing from the work of Cherry and Broadbent, Treisman (1960) discovered that in experiments where a participant had to shadow a word, they sometimes repeated a word that had been presented to the unattended ear. This was known as a breakthrough(Dittrich, 2004). Treisman carried out a series of experiments and found that on the cases where this did occur the majority of the time the word was related to the context of the words being presented to the attended ear. Findings from this led to Treisman proposing a new filter theory in 1968. The filter rejected the idea of Broadbents all or none filter idea and suggested that attention is processed in a more flexible manner. Treisman noticed that a difference in voice and language played an important part in experiments involving participants to select a response to one of two messages ( Norman, 1976). It seems that differences occur depending on what language the second message is spoken in. For example if the language is of similar phonetic structure to that of English then it is less distracting than if the language was something like Czech. Also if the subject has previous knowledge of a language then this will be more distracting than hearing a language that they have never heard before. Overall Treisman concluded that it is unlikely that both messages are fully analysed and so selection of one message takes place over the other This selection takes place starting with an analysis of the messages physical features, then goes on to look at words and meaning. Triesman said that selection of messages that have the same voice, intensity and localization takes place during the analysis rather than after it. It is at this stage that the information-handling capacity becomes limited and so to prevent overloading the irrelevant message is either discarded or both messages are kept and alternation takes place between each one. The decision to which message is kept or whether both are alternated is based on physical characteristics and grammatical features. This is why people are sometimes able to anticipate what words are about to occur when speaking to someone about a particular subject. It is also why that information from competing messages is sometimes picked out when the information being heard is similar to that in which is being primarily attended. Deutsch and Deutsch (1963, as cited in Eysenck and Keane, 2001, Norman, 1976) come up with a theory, which is known more as a late selection model. According to Deutsch and Deutsch all information is processed in full when it enters the consciousness and that it will reach the same perceptual and discriminatory mechanisms whether attention is paid to it or not. They believed that sensory stimulus does not affect what we attend to but each central structure has different levels of importance. For example, our own name makes us attend more or distracts us more easily from a primary source than any random word. Deutsch and Deutsch disregarded Triesmans and Broadbents early filter theories and put forward the idea that even if a signal is on a channel in which another signal is already being attended it still can be detected. They also suggested that all inputs are recognized in parallel, and that the role of attention is to select which items get placed in short term memory. There is a lack of evidence supporting Deutsch and Deutschs theory and competing theorists have provided evidence against the idea that all information is processed in full. For example Treisman and Geffen (1967) asked participants to shadow one of two auditory messages and tap when they heard a target word in either of the messages. Results found that detection of the target word was much higher in the shadowed message than the non-shadowed message disregarding Deutsch and Deutschs claim that there should be no difference in the detection rate. Lavie et al (1994) took the ideas of both the early and late selection models and came up with a compromise of the two; this model was called the perceptual load framework. Lavie et al proposed that although physical differences play an important part in selective attention, irrelevant information is only discarded when the perceptual load of relevant information is too high to make use of the available resources. Therefore Lavie et al argues that tasks have different levels of attentional capacity and that upper limits are imposed at different levels dependent on a persons temporal state of alertness, availability of resources and the subject-task structural constraints. Navon and Gopher (1979 as cited in Lavie and Tsal, 1994) came up with a rule that states the amount of resources that can be applied to a task. They said that resources will be supplied to meet the internal demand and that these resources will either equal the demand or reach the limit of the available resources. Lavie et als approach mixes both the early and late selection processes by looking at the distinction between high and low perceptual loads. A perceptual load is the number of units in a display and the type of processing that is needed for each unit. It seems that the results that support early selection models have been gained when the conditions have been of high perceptual load whereas results supporting late selection have been gained under conditions of low perceptual load. As well as all of this Lavie et al still takes into consideration the differences between the physical characteristics of attended and unattended information. An experiment carried out by Stroop (1935 as cited in Lavie and Tsal, 1993) shows that there is a poor physical distinction between relevant and irrelevant stimuli when they both occupy the same location. This was shown in an experiment in which subjects had to identify the colour of a word. Results found that subjects processed the meaning of the word and that reaction time increased in relation to the baseline of response time to recognising a colour patch or the colour of a non-colour word when the word was a colour name and printed in a different colour. The stroop effect therefore was said to show that one stimuli affects another more one way, than if the two stimuli were to be reversed. For example naming a colour doesnt usually affect word reading, but word reading can affect colour naming. This indicates that the stoop affect is an example of the difference in parallel processing between relevant and irrelevant stimuli, which shows why there is a difference in response times between some stimuli compared to others. In all this approach looks at perceptual load being of a low level and generally supports late selection models as it takes upon the idea that attention is a process that can be carried out in parallel. Looking at evidence supporting early selection models however takes into consideration high perceptual loads. Pashler (1984, as cited in Lavie and Tsal, 1994) devised a variation of the bar-probe technique (Averbach Coriell, 1961). This involved using eight different items shown on a display with three stimulus onset asynchronies being shown between each stimulus and the probe. Subjects had to match each of the four shapes with the location, which resulted in the subjects creating eight different combinations. Pashler found that physical differences increased the time it took the participant to identify each shape to the location, even when the probe came 300 msec before the display. This therefore questions the late selection models as it shows that selection happens at the perceptual stage. In conclusion it seems that there is evidence supporting both models of early and late selection and that attention is something that varies dependent on a combination of both ideas. Although Broadbent (1958) and his filter theory initially put forward the idea that attention is a selective process, it does seem from later research that in some cases people are able to attend to more than one thing at a time. Treisman (1960) developed Broadbents idea and extended his filter theory by suggesting that physical differences play an important role in determining which message to keep or discarded. Treisman believed that selection takes place before analysis rather than after it and that both messages can be kept but alternation has to take place to prevent an overload. A late selection model proposed by Deutsch and Deutsch (1963) disagreed with that of early selection models in that they believed that all information is processed in full when it enters the consciousness. Deutsch and Deutsch said that even when multiple messages are on the same channel they can still be processed in parallel with the most important being kept and the other being stored in the short-term memory. Comparisons of the early and late selection models finally resulted in both being examined in an equal manner, eventually leading to the perceptual framework model being proposed by Lavie and colleagues (1994). This model supported both selection models by linking it to whether a perceptual load was high or whether it was low. Overall it seems that attention is wholly down to an analysis of physical properties, which is then given further analysis to determine what things are paid attention to and what things are not.

Compare the different film versions of Romeo and Juliet Essays

Compare the different film versions of Romeo and Juliet Essays Compare the different film versions of Romeo and Juliet Paper Compare the different film versions of Romeo and Juliet Paper Essay Topic: Romeo and Juliet Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet have been adapted in many different ways by different people. Romeo and Juliet is a film that gripped the world, no matter what age or what language you spoke. Many directors from around the world made there own version of the film in many different languages. In this essay I will compare the different version of the love story. The versions that I will compare are Baz Luhrmanns, Zeffirellis and West Side Story directed by Jerome Robbins and Robert Wise. Baz Luhrmanns (1996), Franco Zeffirellis (1968) and West Side Story have quite a lot in common but also a few differences at the same time. The similarities and differences varied through language dialects, clothing, weaponry, and the impressions different people had from different parts of Shakespeares original story. The Zeferelli version and the original play by William Shakespeare show some variations between storylines. There are also far smaller differences between extremely similar stories with the single huge difference of modernisation, as seen between the Luhrman version of Romeo and Juliet, as well as the play. The original Romeo and Juliet was set around the time when the play was written, and was not written to become one of the greatest plays of all time. Instead, the goal was more toward making a popular play that could make some money, be funny, and evoke a huge amount of feeling. This story focused around the love of Romeo and Juliet that they had during the time of the renaissance. The love shown in this play is known to be immortal, but many aspects of the play are from the time that they were made. An example of this is the language of this play, which is old English (Shakespearean). Also, another aspect that comes from the time the play was made was the clothing, which is exactly as the styles were in the Middle Ages. And a third example is the use of swords in the battle. The Zeferelli version of Romeo and Juliet was very similar to the play, because the dress, language, and weaponry were all the same. The only major difference between these two versions was the interpretation of a few events, such as the battle between Tybalt and Mercutio. In this battle, Tybalt was seen as merely fooling around, instead of in an angry rage as the play displayed. Even though the Luhrman version of Romeo and Juliet had essentially the same lines and storyline as the play, although a few lines were edited out, and there were many other substantial differences. First, this movie was set during the modern day, with everything except the language modernised and has the MTV generation feel to it. Next, the movie was about two major gangs battling against on another, while the play focused around two relatively normal aristocratic families from their time. Also, another difference between the two versions is the weaponry. In Luhrmans version of Romeo and Juliet, 9mm swords, which is a gun instead of the actual swords that were used in the play. Although these two plays were quite different, there was another movie, A West Side Story, which was more similar to the original play. A West Side Story is quite similar to the story of Romeo and Juliet. In A West Side Story, two gangs are feuding during modern times. Both gangs are fighting over a piece of territory. Also, two people from separate gangs fall in love, and one of them dies. Each of these events occurs in Romeo and Juliet in at least one of the versions, demonstrating the incredible similarity between these stories. Each version of Romeo and Juliet, as well as A West Side Story, had many similarities and differences as I have shown. Although they were all quite similar, each was unique in at least one way. The Zeferelli version showed the battle between Tybalt and Mercutio as friendly, unlike the other versions. Two examples of uniqueness in A West Side Story were that one of the two lovers survived, and the feud was between white Americans and Puerto Ricans. The original play was unique due to the fact that this was the first version upon which all other versions were based. The Luhrman version was unique due to the fact that this movie was the most modern and fast paced of all the stories, and is the one that related to us the most closely due to how modern the storyline was. The original themes in each of these both similar but terrific stories are comparable, although varied enough to make each one valuable.

Information Sensitivity and Protection of Data Essay - 4

Information Sensitivity and Protection of Data - Essay Example More importantly, public access to information collected on patients is an instrumental component of the themes because all the organizations give recognition to the fact that people information are the private ownership of the patients, the information cannot be put out to public domain without necessary due course and procedure followed (Fielding., Teutsch and Koh, 2012). In some cases, the organizations even consider the possibility of the information being put on public domain as a last resort. Another important theme also has to do with the right to amend health records. This is an important theme to the organizations because they consider health state of patients as something that is not perpetual but periodically changes with time. As these changes take place, right is given for the amendment of the health records. Finally, the theme of privacy complaint reporting and tracking runs through almost all the organizations as the organizations use this as a medium for ensuring that there is an effective evaluation and monitoring system by which all forms of irregularities with information practices can be tracked and appropriately addressed (Mayo Foundation, 2002). In terms of aim and purpose, it would be said that almost all the organizations have a common objective to attain with protected health information. However, a line of significant difference is drawn when it comes to the mode of implementation of this all important goal of ensuring that health information of patients are protected. Between Mayo Foundation and Georgetown for instance, it would be observed that there is a clear cut different in the approach to ensuring that there is implementation whereby Mayo Foundation prefers the use of information security program, which is an integrated action plan, whereas Georgetown uses Privacy Complaint Reporting and Tracking to achieve the same goal. Between the two the

Government Deficit Spending Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Government Deficit Spending - Research Paper Example Another way of reducing budget deficit is by increasing the number of people under taxation. In the current taxation system, couples earning more than $ 200, 000 per month are exempted from a certain level of taxation. Creating an equal taxation rate in all American citizens may significantly increase the rate at which the government contains revenue. An increase revenue collection will increase the GDP thus minimizing the debts incurred through borrowing. In an argument by Masters collecting enough tax from the citizens may reduce unsure the budget value is not exceeded. Additionally, the author points out that this may also increase government earning significantly even creating a surplus in the proposed budget. The congress also proposed creation of budget policies that may prevent the government from over spending from the budget proposed amount. Â  Over the years, the government has surpassed on expenditure amount as specified in the national budget. For this reason, the amount of debt has increased. However, the proposed budget policies may only be possible if the budget is made flexible and large enough to cater for emergencies and all the requirements over the annual calendar. Â   The white house and the congress disagree on the proposed changes considering the fact that the white house may be affected from the proposed expenditure cuts. However, the white house understands the need to reduce government expenditure. The proposed expenditure and revenue policies require the contribution by both parties.